Abstract

This study is a response to a series of detailed questions posed by the WDR 2011 team and should be read as such, rather than as a comprehensive analysis of the DRC. Although the specific topic of this paper is eastern Congo, the present situation in that portion of the country is incomprehensible without an understanding of the overall situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the relationship of eastern Congo with its neighbors. Section one of the paper deals with the general background and recent history in the country. Section two focuses on eastern Congo. Section three looks at the regional and global dimensions of the conflict, particularly the role of natural resoures. Section four presents recommendations for a more promising approach to help Congo regain a path of stability and sustainable development.

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A Note on WDR 2011 Case Studies:  As stated in the report, some of the ground that the WDR 2011 covers falls outside the World Bank’s traditional development mandate, a reflection of a growing international policy consensus that addressing violent conflict and promoting economic development both require a deeper understanding of the close relationship between politics, security, and development. WDR case studies were commissioned in recognition of this consensus, and also in recognition of the Bank’s need to understand the nature of organized violence and effective national responses. In studying these areas, the World Bank does not aspire to go beyond its core mandate as set out in its Articles of Agreement, but rather to improve the effectiveness of development interventions in places threatened or affected by large-scale violence. It should be clearly understood that WDR case studies reflect the opinions and perspectives of their authors, not of the World Bank's staff, management or Executive Directors